With the development of nanotechnology, nano carriers have been increasingly used for curative drug/gene delivery. Various\nnano carriers are being introduced and assessed, such as polymer nano particles, liposomes, and micelles. As a novel theranostic\nsystem, nano carriers hold great promise for ultrasound molecular imaging, targeted drug/gene delivery, and therapy.Nanocarriers,\nwith the properties of smaller particle size, and long circulation time, would be advantageous in diagnostic and therapeutic\napplications. Nanocarriers can pass through blood capillary walls and cell membrane walls to deliver drugs. The mechanisms\nof interaction between ultrasound and nanocarriers are not clearly understood, which may be related to cavitation, mechanical\neffects, thermal effects, and so forth. These effects may induce transient membrane permeabilization (sonoporation) on a single cell\nlevel, cell death, and disruption of tissue structure, ensuring noninvasive, targeted, and efficient drug/gene delivery and therapy.The\nsystem has been used in various tissues and organs (in vitro or in vivo), including tumor tissues, kidney, cardiac, skeletal muscle, and\nvascular smooth muscle. In this review, we explore the research progress and application of ultrasound-mediated local drug/gene\ndelivery with nano carriers.
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